filmbriefs
all subjects →
13:00in productionCh. 1 · An heir exiled by his own guilt/ 13:00 · ceiling 15 min
Animation · Drama

The Lion King

Eisner wanted the exiled prince's story modelled on King Lear and Katzenberg pushed to load in as much Hamlet as the writers would allow; they resisted both and landed closer to Joseph and Moses instead.

The Lion King follows Simba, a lion cub exiled after his uncle Scar arranges his father Mufasa's death, as he grows up away from his kingdom and eventually returns to reclaim it. Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff directed after an earlier documentary-style version by George Scribner was abandoned for a musical treatment with songs by Elton John and Tim Rice and a score by Hans Zimmer. Made on a $45 million budget, it grossed $968.5 million, becoming the highest-grossing traditionally animated film ever made and winning the Academy Award for Best Original Score.

Chapters & takeaways7
  1. 0:08
    An heir exiled by his own guilt

    Simba blames himself for Mufasa's death, engineered by Scar, and stays away from Pride Rock for years as a result.

  2. 1:51
    From nature documentary to Broadway musical

    Original director George Scribner left once the studio committed to a full musical treatment with Elton John and Tim Rice.

  3. 3:43
    Katzenberg wanted more Hamlet than the writers would give him

    Eisner pushed for King Lear, Katzenberg pushed for Hamlet, and the crew landed closer to Joseph and Moses instead.

  4. 5:34
    A ghost, a rewrite, and a title that finally matched the setting

    A two-week rewrite added Mufasa's ghost and renamed the film once the crew realized it was set on savanna, not jungle.

  5. 7:26
    Guilt, not succession, holds the plot together

    Scar's claim to the throne only works because Simba believes he's to blame, making grief the story's real mechanism.

  6. 9:17
    Who this still speaks to

    Family audiences first, but also anyone interested in how directly a Disney musical can sit with a child's fear of losing a parent.

  7. 11:09
    A record-breaking gamble that paid off completely

    Its box-office record and Oscar for score don't resolve every script problem, but the film's commitment to real loss still holds up.

Worth your time?

Yes. Watch the whole thing.

4.5/ 5
What works
  • Mufasa's death staged with genuine weight rather than as a plot device
  • Zimmer's score and the John-Rice songs carrying scenes dialogue alone couldn't
  • specific, observed detail from the Kenya research trip
  • treating guilt and grief as the actual engine of the plot
What does not
  • Scar's motivation asserted through bitterness rather than dramatized
  • the hakuna matata tonal shift arriving abruptly after Simba's exile
Watch it if
  • family audiences wanting a musical willing to sit with real loss
  • fans of large-scale film scoring
  • viewers interested in how a familiar plot got built from Hamlet and biblical exile stories
Skip it if
  • anyone wanting the nature-documentary tone Scribner originally envisioned
  • viewers who want their villains motivated by more than assumed entitlement
The written brief4 min read

An heir exiled by his own guilt

The Lion King retells a straightforward succession story as a musical: Simba, heir to Pride Rock, is manipulated into believing he caused his father Mufasa’s death, exiles himself out of guilt, and grows into adulthood before deciding whether to return and challenge the uncle who actually arranged the killing. Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff share directing credit after an unusually long development process; the project passed through several writers and titles, including King of the Jungle, before Irene Mecchi, Jonathan Roberts and Linda Woolverton settled the script that reached production. Producer Don Hahn later described his job as finding the story’s theme once earlier drafts felt unfocused, landing on leaving childhood behind and confronting the world as it actually is.

From nature documentary to Broadway musical

Original director George Scribner envisioned a nature-documentary-style film and left the project once the decision was made to turn it into a full musical with songs by Elton John and Tim Rice, a split that reoriented the whole production toward Broadway-style staging rather than observational realism. Rob Minkoff replaced him in 1992, and Hahn, Allers, Minkoff and story artist Brenda Chapman spent two weeks rewriting the plot with help from Kirk Wise and Gary Trousdale, who had just finished Beauty and the Beast. Studio chairman Michael Eisner pushed for a structure modelled on King Lear, while Jeffrey Katzenberg asked the team to load in as much Hamlet as they could; the writers ultimately found both too forced and looked instead to the stories of Joseph and Moses for Simba’s exile and return.

Katzenberg wanted more Hamlet than the writers would give him

What lands is how directly the film commits to the exile-and-return structure once it settles on one: Mufasa’s death is staged with enough weight that Simba’s subsequent avoidance of home reads as genuine trauma rather than a plot device waiting to be resolved. Hans Zimmer’s score and the John-Rice songs carry scenes that would otherwise rely on dialogue to establish stakes, particularly around Mufasa’s ghost, an idea the crew added specifically during the two-week rewrite to give Simba a clear push back toward Pride Rock. The research trip to Kenya’s Hell’s Gate National Park shows up in specific, observed detail in the landscape and animal movement, giving the film’s Africa a texture that generic safari imagery usually lacks.

A ghost, a rewrite, and a title that finally matched the setting

What doesn’t land as cleanly is Scar himself, whose motivation for wanting the throne is mostly asserted through his own bitterness rather than dramatized through anything Mufasa or Simba’s family did to provoke it, leaving the family betrayal at the story’s centre feeling more like a fairy-tale given than an earned conflict. The film’s decision to make Mufasa and Scar brothers, adopted specifically so the threat would come from inside the family, raises stakes without much interrogation of what actually broke that relationship long before the plot begins. Timon and Pumbaa’s hakuna matata interlude, while giving the middle stretch its lightest material, arrives so abruptly after Simba’s exile that the tonal gearshift can feel like the film changing subjects rather than developing one.

Guilt, not succession, holds the plot together

Power and inheritance run through the film more than its jungle-adventure trappings suggest: Scar’s claim to the throne depends entirely on Simba believing himself responsible for his father’s death, which makes guilt, not the succession dispute, the actual mechanism holding the plot together. Katzenberg has said the story drew on his own political career setbacks, and that personal stake shows in how squarely the film treats grief as something that has to be worked through rather than simply survived, giving Mufasa’s death and Simba’s eventual return equal narrative weight instead of rushing past the loss to reach the comeback. Family here isn’t automatically safe; it’s the site of both the betrayal and the eventual reconciliation.

Who this still speaks to

This suits family audiences first, but also viewers interested in how thoroughly a Disney musical can commit to genuine loss without softening it for children, since Mufasa’s death remains one of the studio’s more direct depictions of grief. Fans of large-scale film scoring will find Zimmer’s work among his most structurally integrated with a story rather than layered over it afterward. It’s a weaker choice for anyone wanting the nature-documentary tone Scribner originally envisioned, since nothing of that observational approach survives into the musical the film became, and for viewers who want their villains motivated by more than assumed entitlement to power.

A record-breaking gamble that paid off completely

The film earned $968.5 million against a $45 million budget, a 21.5-times return, and became the highest-grossing traditionally animated film ever made, a record it still holds decades after release, plus the Academy Award for Best Original Score and an Annie Award for Best Animated Feature. Its scale doesn’t answer every question about how thin Scar’s motivation is, but on its own terms, as a family musical willing to sit inside a child’s fear of losing a parent, it stays convincing well after the songs end. Worth the evening for the Kenya-informed visuals and Zimmer’s score, particularly for anyone revisiting it as an adult rather than out of pure nostalgia.

Same shelf · Animation4 of 95
Up next in Film

The Little Mermaid

John Musker, Ron Clements · 1989 · 13:00

The film asks its audience to accept a voice traded for legs without ever questioning the trade, and gets away with it because the villain arguing the bargain is more interesting than the prince at stake.

13:00