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Studio

The Walt Disney Company

10: briefs
13:00: average
130 min: in total

On film.briefs10

Alice in Wonderland

Clyde Geronimi, Wilfred Jackson, Hamilton Luske · 1951

A bored young girl follows a white rabbit down a hole into a nonsensical kingdom ruled by a short-tempered Queen of Hearts, encountering a parade of self-absorbed creatures along the way. Disney first considered adapting Lewis Carroll's books in the early 1930s and spent nearly two decades discarding drafts — a live-action hybrid with Mary Pickford, a literal script judged too grotesque, a version written by Aldous Huxley — before settling on the fully animated, more comic take released in 1951 to a muted box office and mixed reviews that only later warmed.

Bambi

David Hand, James Algar, Bill Roberts, Norman Wright · 1942

Bambi follows a white-tailed deer from birth through the loss of his mother to his eventual place as the forest's next Great Prince, told with almost no reliance on plot mechanics and long stretches of near-silent observation. Adapted loosely from Felix Salten's considerably grimmer novel, the film took years longer than planned because Disney's animators had to learn to draw deer realistically rather than as the flour-sack shapes they'd used before, studying live animals and building an in-house menagerie to get the movement right.

Cinderella

Wilfred Jackson, Hamilton Luske, Clyde Geronimi · 1950

A servant in her own home waits out her stepmother's cruelty until a fairy godmother gives her one night at the palace ball, in the version of Perrault's fairy tale Disney finally completed in 1950 after years of false starts. Made for $2.2 million while the studio was roughly $4 million in debt, the film became Disney's biggest hit since Snow White and reversed a run of expensive, underperforming features — helped along by nearly 380 women auditioning for the title role before Ilene Woods got it almost by accident.

Peter Pan

Clyde Geronimi, Wilfred Jackson, Hamilton Luske · 1953

Wendy Darling and her brothers follow Peter Pan to Never Land to escape growing up, then have to help him outwit Captain Hook once they're there. Disney bought the animation rights from Paramount in 1938 and began preliminary work almost immediately, only for the Second World War to divert the studio into government propaganda work for years; production finally resumed after 1945 and the finished film, made for $4 million, became a solid commercial success while carrying a depiction of its Native American characters that has drawn deserved criticism since.

Pinocchio

Ben Sharpsteen, Hamilton Luske, Norm Ferguson, T. Hee · 1940

A woodcarver's puppet is brought to life and told he must prove himself brave, truthful and unselfish before he can become a real boy, guided — imperfectly — by a cricket appointed as his conscience. Made for $2.5 million as Disney's second feature, the film pushed effects animation further than Snow White had, rendering water, smoke and lightning with a level of realism the studio hadn't attempted before, even as it lost money on first release when the war cut off its overseas markets.

Robin Hood

Wolfgang Reitherman · 1973

Wolfgang Reitherman's 1973 Robin Hood turns the English outlaw tale into a musical fox-and-wolf caper, the first Disney feature made without Walt Disney's guidance and the first built entirely around animal stand-ins for a human cast. Cheaply made and visibly recycled from earlier Disney films, it survived mixed reviews at release to become a durable cult favourite.

Sleeping Beauty

Clyde Geronimi, Les Clark, Eric Larson, Wolfgang Reitherman · 1959

Princess Aurora is cursed at birth to die by a spinning wheel's needle, saved instead by three fairies who soften the curse to a deep sleep breakable only by true love's kiss, while the evil fairy Maleficent works to see the original curse fulfilled anyway. Designed around Eyvind Earle's tapestry-like visual style, drawing on pre-Renaissance European art, and scored using Tchaikovsky's 1889 ballet, the film took nearly ten years and $6 million to complete, making it Disney's most expensive animated feature at the time — and, on release, one of its most costly failures.

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

David Hand, William Cottrell, Wilfred Jackson, Larry Morey · 1937

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs follows the fairy-tale plot closely — a jealous queen, a poisoned apple, seven miners who take in a runaway princess — but its significance is in what it proved possible: a full-length animated feature with distinct character personalities, made for $1.5 million after two years of story meetings that discarded far more ideas than they kept. Industry figures dismissed it in advance as Disney's Folly; it opened at the Carthay Circle Theatre in December 1937 and changed what a cartoon was allowed to be.

The Aristocats

Wolfgang Reitherman · 1970

A wealthy Parisian widow's pampered cats are set to inherit her fortune, which prompts her butler to abandon them in the countryside, where a streetwise tomcat helps guide them home. The project began in 1962 as a proposed live-action television episode, was rejected, revived, and eventually turned into an animated feature at Disney's own suggestion — the last one he personally approved before he died in 1971. Phil Harris, cast as the tomcat O'Malley, was given room to improvise much of his own dialogue, shaping the character the way his earlier work on The Jungle Book had shaped Baloo.

The Jungle Book

Wolfgang Reitherman · 1967

Mowgli, a boy raised by wolves in the Indian jungle, is walked toward the safety of a human village by the panther Bagheera and the bear Baloo while the tiger Shere Khan hunts him. Story artist Bill Peet developed an early, darker treatment closer to Rudyard Kipling's original stories before Walt Disney rejected it as unsuited to a family audience, replacing Peet with a new writing team who leaned into comedy and music instead. It became the last animated feature Disney oversaw personally before his death partway through production.